Which term has two basic types: load bearing and non-load bearing?

• A. Walls
• B. Beams; Rafters
• C. Force
• D. Columns

Answer: (B)

Structural members are defined by their role in carrying loads. The two basic types are those that carry loads (load-bearing) and those that do not (non-load-bearing). Beams and rafters are framing components that can serve either function depending on how they’re used in a building. If a beam carries weight from floors or ceilings to supports, it’s load-bearing; if a beam is installed for appearance or support of non-structural elements without taking on load, it’s non-load-bearing. The same idea applies to rafters: they carry roof loads when integral to the roof structure, but can be non-load-bearing if used only for cosmetic framing. This flexibility across beams and rafters is why they’re described as having two basic types.